Quick guideline for diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus Omicron variant infection / 中华临床感染病杂志

Novel coronavirus Omicron variant infection can cause severe illness and even death in certain populations. Omicron variant infection may lead to systemic inflammatory response, coagulation disorder, multi-organ dysfunction and other pathophysiological changes, which are different from other Novel coronavirus variants to a certain extent, so therapeutic strategies should not be the same. The National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events invited experts in fields of infectious diseases, respiratory medicine, intensive care, pediatrics and fever clinic to develop this quick guideline based on the current best evidence and extensive clinical practices. This quick guideline aims to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus Omicron infection, and to improve the disease management abilities of clinicians.

Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome / 中华临床感染病杂志

Since 2010, the incidence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) has been increased. Owing the progress in diagnosis and treatment, the overall mortality of SFTS in China has decreased, while the mortality in critical SFTS patients is still high. In order to provide guidance and working procedures for clinicians to diagnose and treat critical SFTS, the National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events invited experts to discuss and formulate this consensus based on their experience and up-to-date knowledge on SFTS.

Management and clinical thinking of Coronavirus Disease 2019 / 中华肝脏病杂志

In December 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP, officially named Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) by the World Health Organization) broke out in Wuhan, Hubei, and it quickly spread to the whole country and abroad. The situation was at stake. The sudden and serious COVID-19 epidemic has brought us a lot of urgent problems. How to effectively control the spread of COVID-19? When does the population infection rate rise to its peak? What will eventually be the number of infected patients? How to make early diagnosis? What effective antiviral drugs are available? How to effectively treat with existing drugs? Can it successfully improve the survival rate of critically patients? In response to the above questions, we put forward corresponding suggestions and reflections from the perspective of the infectious clinician.

Clinical analysis of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on one case with living-related kidney transplantation / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective@#To analyze the clinical characteristics of one living-related kidney transplant recipient infected with 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) .@*Method@#The clinical diagnosis and treatment of one relative renal transplant recipient after the occurrence of COVID-19 were analyzed retrospectively, including the course of onset, clinical manifestations, blood routine test, renal function, lung CT scan, nucleic acid detection, outpatient and inpatient therapies and outcomes.@*Result@#The case was diagnosed as COVID-19 (severe type) with influenza A virus infection. The clinical symptoms were gradually relieved and the lung lesions were absorbed through the treatment of reduce and stop taking immunosuppressant, antiviral therapy of abidol/oseltamivir, prevention of bacterial infection, hormone anti-inflammatory, oxygen inhalation, nutritional support and adequate rest.@*Conclusion@#This case present typical characteristics of COVID-19 in epidemiological investigation, clinical manifestation, examination, pulmonary imaging and etiology. After comprehensive treatment including reduce and stop immunosuppressive therapy, clinical cure was achieved. The long-term effect of COVID-19 on this immunosuppressive patient remains follow-up.

Clinical case analysis of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with living-related kidney transplantation / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of one living-related kidney transplant recipient infected with 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19).Methods:The clinical diagnosis and treatment of one living-related kidney transplant recipient after the occurrence of COVID-19 were analyzed retrospectively. Course of onset, clinical manifestations, laboratory and image enamination, outpatient and inpatient therapies and outcomes.Results:The renal transplant recipient was diagnosed as COVID-19(severe) with influenza A virus infection based upon epidemiological survey, clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, imaging findings and etiological tests. The clinical symptoms were gradually relieved and lung lesions became absorbed after tapering and withdrawing immunosuppressants, antiviral therapy of abidol/oseltamivir, antibiotic therapy, hormonal anti-inflammation, oxygen inhalation, nutritional supports and adequate rest.Conclusions:Living-related kidney transplant recipients have specific immunosuppressive states.The long-term effect of covid-19 on recipients should be determined through long-term follow-ups.

Relationship between the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 expression and antiviral efficacy of nucleos(t)ide and interferon alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis B / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective@#To investigate the molecular mechanism of poor response of nucleoside and interferon therapy in some patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and the negative regulatory factor of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression in the interferon-signaling pathway. Also, study the clinical relationship between SOCS3 and antiviral efficacy of nucleoside and interferon.@*Methods@#Peripheral blood and matched liver tissue samples from 54 CHB patients who participated in the OSST study were selected. HBsAg was measured at different time points (baseline and weeks 12, 24, 36, and 48) to observe the antiviral efficacy. Meanwhile, quantitative real-time PCR, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression levels of SOCS3 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and matched liver tissues (baseline and 48 weeks). At the end of the 48-week treatment, patients with HBsAg negative or HBeAg seroconversion were defined as response group, and vice versa. Paired t-tests were used to compare normal distribution variables and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the median differences between groups of non-normally distributed variables.@*Results@#After 48 weeks of treatment, serum HBsAg levels in the Peg-IFN group continued to decline (average decrease of 1.14 log10 IU / ml at week 48; P = 0.001 compared with baseline), while the entecavir group remained almost unchanged during treatment (average decrease was 0.05 log10 IU / ml at week 48; compared with baseline P = 0.12). The expression of SOCS3 mRNA (Messenger RNA, mRNA) in peripheral blood and liver tissues of non-responder group was significantly higher than the response group in the course of Peg-IFNα2a treatment. The immunohistochemical results of liver tissue showed that the expression of SOCS3 in the non-responder group was significantly higher than that in the response group at baseline (P = 0.027). After 48 weeks of treatment with Peg-IFNα2a, the expression of SOCS3 in the non-responder group was significantly higher than that in the baseline and response groups (P = 0.003, P = 0.012, respectively).@*Conclusion@#The expression of SOCS3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and liver tissues of non-responding CHB patients was significantly higher than that of responding CHB patients during interferon and nucleoside antiviral therapy. We speculated that SOCS3 might affect the antiviral efficacy through negative regulation of JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and partly expose the mechanism of interferon resistance.

A multi-center clinical study on the relationship between dry weight and protein energy wasting in patients with maintenance hemodialysis / 中国实用内科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between dry weight setting and the related parameters of PEW of multicenter hemodialysis patients in Guizhou. in order to provide the basis for setting dry weight in patients. METHODS: We conducted the research in patients of 11 hemodialysis center in Guizhou province. We collected demographic data(age, gender, nationality, marital status, education level, income status and so on) by questionnaire; are collected dry weight, ECW, ICW, fat mass,lean body mass and so on by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and then we also collected physical measurement indexes, such as waist circumference, hip circumference, medium arm circumference(MAC), tricep fold thickness(TSF)and crus diameter. The data is divided into three groups according to the dry weight setings. Group 1: dry weight setting was slightly lower(dry weight setted by doctors was slightly lower than bioelectrical impedance analysis results,withen 1 kg); group 2: dry weight setting was normal; group 3: dry weight setting slightly higher group(dry weight setted by doctors was slightly higher than bioelectrical impedance analysis results,withen 1 kg). We used Chi-square analysis to analyze PEW prevalence, compared differences of the PEW indications by variance analysis, and then we used Spearman correlation analysis to analyze the correlation between PEW and the indications. Influence of various factors on the PEW was analyzed by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The PEW morbidity of group 3 was higher than the other two groups. PEW indicators such as upper arm midpoint diameter, tricep fold thickness, hip circumference, fat mass, BMI, Hb, Alb and prealbumin were lower than the other two groups, the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05). Correlation analysis results show that the degree of the factors associated with the PEW was as follows in turn BMI(r=-0.677, P<0.05), dry weight(r=0.636, P<0.05), upper arm midpoint diameter(r=-0.589, P<0.05), albumin(r=-0.562, P<0.05) and hip circumference(r=-0.475, P<0.05). Logistic regression showed that the factors affecting PEW were albumin(OR = 0.883, 95%CI: 0.782-0.997, P<0.05), BMI(OR = 0.671, 95%CI: 0.509-0.884, P<0.05), upper arm midpoint diameter(OR = 0.457, 95% CI: 0.318-0.655, P<0.05) and dry weight(OR = 1.191, 95%CI: 1.041-1.363, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The dry weight setting too high, insufficient amount of ultrafiltration and inadequate dialysis can increase the occurrence of PEW.

Efficacy and safety of yimitasvir phospha combined with sofosbuvir in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of 100 mg or 200 mg yimitasvir phosphate combined with sofosbuvir in patients with non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis C virus ( HCV) genotype 1 infection who were treatment-na?ve or had a virologic failure to prior interferon-based treatment.Methods A multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase 2 clinical trial was conducted.The patients were randomly assigned to yimitasvir phosphate 100 mg+sofosbuvir 400 mg group (Group 100 mg) and yimitasvir phosphate 200 mg+sofosbuvir 400 mg group ( Group 200 mg) in a 1∶1 ratio with the stratified factors of " treatment-naive" or"treatment-experienced" for 12 weeks and followed up for 24 weeks after the end of treatment.During the clinical trial, HCV RNA was tested in all patients.Resistance of virus in patients who didn′t achieved sustained virological response (SVR) was monitored.Safety and tolerability were assessed by monitoring adverse events , physical examination , laboratory examination, electrocardiogram, and vital signs during the study.The primary end point was SVR12 after the end of therapy.Descriptive statistics were used for categorical variables and eight descriptive statistics were used for continuous variables.Descriptive statistics were used and summarized according to HCV genotypes and treatment groups.Safety data were presented using descriptive statistics and summarized according to treatment groups.Results A total of 174 subjects were screened from July 31, 2017 to September 26, 2018.One hundred and twenty-nine patients were successfully enrolled and received treatment , and 127 completed the study.There were 64 patients and 65 patients assigned to Group 100 mg and Group 200 mg, respectively.Among the 129 patients who underwent randomization and were treated , 18.6% were treatment-experienced and: 100%were HCV genotype 1b infection.The total SVR rate was 98.4%(127／129), with 98.4%(63／64, 95%confidence interval [CI]: 91.60%-99.96%) in the Group 100 mg, and 98.50%(64／65, 95%CI: 91.72%-99.96%) in the Group 200 mg.There was no significant difference between the two groups (χ2 ＝0.000 2, P＝0.989 2).The SVR rates in treatment-naive group and treatment-experienced group were 98.10%(95%CI: 93.29%-99.77%) and 100.00%(24／24, 95%CI: 85.75%-100.00%), respectively.Virological failure during treatment ( including breakthrough , rebound and poor efficacy) and relapse after treatment did not occur during the trial.By Sanger sequencing , 11.6%(15／129) patients had baseline NS5A Y93H／Y or Y93H resistance-associated substitutions ( RAS), 1.6%( 2／129) patients had baseline NS5A L31M RAS.No mutation was observed in NS5B S282 at baseline.There was no S282 mutation in HCV NS5B.A total of 100 (77.5%) subjects had adverse events.No adverse events ≥Grade 3 or severe adverse events related to the study treatment.No patient prematurely discontinued study treatment owing to an adverse event.No life-threatening adverse event was reported.Conclusion Twelve weeks of yimitasvir phosphate 100 mg or 200 mg combined with sofosbuvir 400 mg daily is a highly effective and safe regimen for patients without cirrhosis with HCV genotype 1b infection who had not been treated previously or had a virologic failure to prior interferon-based treatment.

New strategies for clinical cure and Institute of hepatitis B: viral suppression combined with immune modulation and its road map / 临床肝胆病杂志

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health issue.At present,nucleos(t) ide analogues (NAs) and interferon (IFN) or pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) are used as the antiviral therapy.NA therapy is generally safe and well tolerated,but it has a high virological recurrence rate after drug withdrawal and a long course of treatment which may require lifelong medication.PEG-IFN therapy has the advantages of relatively shorter course of treatment,longer response,and lower rate of resistance;however,only some patients can achieve sustained response to IFN,and IFN has a high rate of adverse events,which limits the wide application of IFN in clinical practice.Since HBV covalently closed circular DNA and the integrated HBV genome stably exist in the nuclei of infected hepatocytes,it is difficult to achieve the elimination (complete cure) of HBV.The ideal endpoint of antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B recommended by most guidelines is the sustained disappearance of HBsAg,with or without HBsAb seroconversion (functional cure).Theoretically,a combination of antiviral agents with different anti-HBV mechanisms,including the drugs for viral suppression and immune modulation,is a promising strategy for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.Latest studies have demonstrated that compared with NA alone,NA given concurrently or sequentially with PEG-IFN has certain advantages in virologic and serological response.Our articles published in Journal of Hepatology in 2015 and Journal of Infectious Diseases in December 2017 introduce the research advances in treatment strategies for chronic hepatitis B and put forward our thoughts on clinical cure of chronic hepatitis B and related clinical routes,with reference to research findings in China and foreign countries.This article provides some updated information.

Advances in treatment for Stanford type B aortic dissection / 基础医学与临床

Type B aortic dissection(TBAD)is a life-threatening aortic disease.Complicated TBAD patients require emergency surgical procedure to prevent death caused by rupture or severe complication.The development of endo-vascular repair has shifted the management from extensive open surgical to minimally less invasive endovascular strategy.Thoracic endovascular aortic repair(TEVAR)may promote aortic remodeling and prevent late aneurysmal dilatation,more and more evidences show that TEVAR is effective in the treatment of uncomplicated TBAD.

γδ T Cells Contribute to the Outcome of Murine Fulminant Viral Hepatitis via Effector Cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The mechanisms involved in virus-induced severe hepatitis have not been fully elucidated.In this study,we investigated the role of gamma delta T cell receptors (γδ) T cells in the pathogenesis of fulminant viral hepatitis (FVH) induced by murine hepatitis virus strain 3 (MHV-3).The model of FVH was established by intraperitoneal injection of MHV-3 into Balb/cJ mice.The survival days of mice,and the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were examined.The proportions ofγδ T cells in blood,spleen and liver,and cytokines secreted by hepatic γδ T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.The function of hepatic γδ T cells was examined by cytotoxicity assay.Balb/cJ mice died in 3 to 6 days post MHV-3 infection,with severe hepatic necrosis and significant augmentation of serum ALT and AST levels.The proportions of γδ T ceils in blood,spleen and liver were significantly increased post MHV-3 infection,while those of the early activating molecule CD69-expressing γδ T cells and productions of cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) increased remarkably in the liver.These highly activated liver γδ T cells were cytotoxic to MHV-3-infected hepatocytes in vitro and this effect of liver γδ T cells against hepatocytes might involve the TNF-α and IFN-γ pathway.These results demonstrated that γδ T cells might contribute to the pathogenesis ofMHV-3-induced FVH through the effector cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ.

γδ T Cells Contribute to the Outcome of Murine Fulminant Viral Hepatitis via Effector Cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The mechanisms involved in virus-induced severe hepatitis have not been fully elucidated.In this study,we investigated the role of gamma delta T cell receptors (γδ) T cells in the pathogenesis of fulminant viral hepatitis (FVH) induced by murine hepatitis virus strain 3 (MHV-3).The model of FVH was established by intraperitoneal injection of MHV-3 into Balb/cJ mice.The survival days of mice,and the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were examined.The proportions ofγδ T cells in blood,spleen and liver,and cytokines secreted by hepatic γδ T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.The function of hepatic γδ T cells was examined by cytotoxicity assay.Balb/cJ mice died in 3 to 6 days post MHV-3 infection,with severe hepatic necrosis and significant augmentation of serum ALT and AST levels.The proportions of γδ T ceils in blood,spleen and liver were significantly increased post MHV-3 infection,while those of the early activating molecule CD69-expressing γδ T cells and productions of cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) increased remarkably in the liver.These highly activated liver γδ T cells were cytotoxic to MHV-3-infected hepatocytes in vitro and this effect of liver γδ T cells against hepatocytes might involve the TNF-α and IFN-γ pathway.These results demonstrated that γδ T cells might contribute to the pathogenesis ofMHV-3-induced FVH through the effector cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ.

Hotspots and difficulties in the diagnosis and treatment of liver failure with infection / 临床肝胆病杂志

Liver failure is a serious liver damage caused by a variety of factors, and infection is one of the most common complications in the development and progression of liver failure. Liver failure patients with infection have a significant increase in mortality, which is a difficult clinical event for physicians. At present, there are no sufficient clinical data on the diagnosis and treatment of liver failure with infection, and there is also a lack of guidelines for clinical diagnosis and treatment in China and foreign countries. This article summarizes the difficulties and hotspots in the prevalence, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of liver failure with infection, in order to provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment and directions for further clinical research.

Medication regularity and potential targets of Professor XU Jing-fan's prescription for treating ulcerative colitis / 中国中药杂志

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic nonspecific inflammation mainly involving rectum and colon mucosa, which seriously affects the health and quality of life of patients, and is listed as one of modern refractory diseases by WHO. Professor XU Jing-fan, a great master of traditional Chinese medicine, has accumulated rich experiences in the treatment of UC. The study collected Professor XU's 77 prescriptions of treating UC, analyzed the frequency of traditional Chinese medicines and there categories, and investigated the medication regularity by the system clustering method. The findings showed that the most frequently used drugs were clearing-heat herbs, which were followed by hemostatic herbs, excreting-dampness herbs, improving-digestion herbs and tonifying-Qi herbs. At the same time, the commonly combined drugs were excavated. Finally, in order to analyze potential molecular targets of the frequently used herbs, GO enrichment analysis and KEGG signal pathway enrichment analysis were performed with bioinformatics analysis tool for molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (BATMAN-TCM). The results indicated that Chinese herbal compounds may treat UC by activating PPAR-γ pathway and regulating intestinal inflammation. The exact mechanisms shall be verified through subsequent molecular biological experiments.

Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty / 医学前沿

The relationship between vitamin D deficiency and idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) has been recently documented. In this study, 280 girls diagnosed with ICPP and 188 normal puberty control girls of similar ages were enrolled and retrospectively studied. The ICPP group had significantly lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels than the control group. Furthermore, a nonlinear relationship was found between serum 25[OH]D and ICPP, and a cut-off point for serum 25[OH]D was found at 31.8 ng/ml for ICPP with and without adjusting the different confounding factors. Girls with serum 25[OH]D ≥ 31.8 ng/ml had a lower odds ratio (unadjusted: OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.83, P < 0.05; height and weight adjusted: OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.08, P = 0.072; BMI adjusted: OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.84, P < 0.05). The ICPP subjects with 25[OH]D deficiency had a higher body mass index (BMI) than the subjects from the two other subgroups. Correlation analysis showed that vitamin D level is correlated with BMI and some metabolic parameters in the ICPP group. Our study suggested that vitamin D status may be associated with ICPP risk and may have a threshold effect on ICPP.

Highlights of diagnosis and treatment for end stage of liver disease with infection / 中华临床感染病杂志

The term of end stage of liver disease (ESLD) has been used since the 1980s,but there is still no restrict definition.Infections are both cause and effect in development of ESLD,that is infection not only induce or exacerbate ESLD,but also are the most common complication of ESLD.Multi-drug resistant bacteria,multi-organ injury,antimicrobial drug choice,supporting treatment,intestinal microecological disorder are difficult problems in ESLD with infections,so standardization of diagnosis and treatment of this condition needs to be improved urgently.

Efficacy and safety of pegylated interferon α-2b injection (Y shape, 40 kD) in treatment of patients with genotype 1/6 chronic hepatitis C / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective@#To investigate the efficacy and safety of the new investigational drug pegylated interferon α-2b (Peg-IFN-α-2b) (Y shape, 40 kD) injection (180 µg/week) combined with ribavirin in the treatment of patients with genotype 1/6 chronic hepatitis C (CHC), with standard-dose Peg-IFN-α-2a combined with ribavirin as a positive control.@*Methods@#A multicenter, randomized, open-label, and positive-controlled phase III clinical trial was performed. Eligible patients with genotype 1/6 CHC were screened out and randomly divided into Peg-IFN-α-2b(Y shape, 40kD) group and Peg-IFN-α-2a group at a ratio of 2:1. The patients in both groups were given oral ribavirin for 48 weeks in addition and then followed up for 24 weeks after drug withdrawal. Abbott Real Time HCV Genotype II was used to determine HCV genotype, and Cobas TaqMan quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure HCV RNA level at 0, 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 weeks. Adverse events were recorded in detail. The primary efficacy endpoint was sustained virological response (SVR), and a non-inferiority test was also performed.@*Results@#A total of 561 patients with genotype 1/6 CHC were enrolled, among whom 529 received treatment; 90.9% of these patients had genotype 1 CHC. The data of the full analysis set showed that SVR rate was 69.80% (95% CI 65.00%-74.60%) in the trial group and 74.16% (95% CI 67.73%-80.59%) in the control group (P = 0.297 0). The data of the per protocol set (PPS) showed that SVR rate was 80.63% (95% CI 76.04%-85.23%) in the trial group and 81.33% (95% CI 75.10%-87.57%) in the control group (P = 0.849 8), and the 95% CI of rate difference conformed to the non-inferiority standard. The analysis of the PPS population showed that of all subjects, 47.9% achieved rapid virologic response, with a positive predictive value of 93.8%. The incidence rate of adverse events was 96.30% in the trial group and 94.94% in the control group, and the incidence rate of serious adverse events was 5.13% in the trail group and 5.06% in the control group.@*Conclusion@#In the regimen of Peg-IFN-α combined with ribavirin for the treatment of genotype 1/6 CHC, the new investigational drug Peg-IFN-α-2b(Y shape, 40 kD) has comparable clinical effect and safety to the control drug Peg-IFN-α-2a.

Advances in clinical immunology research on chronic hepatitis B / 中国医师杂志

In recent years,clinical immunology has an increasing variety of prominent applications in the field of chronic hepatitis B infection.On one hand,the discovery and identification of the mechanisms of pathogen recognition by the innate immune system,novel immune cell subpopulations and immunoregulatory pathways further enriched the immunological pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B.On the other hand,the development of new immunotherapy strategies aimed at reconstructing the antiviral immunity,including agonists of Toll like receptors,immune cell therapies and therapeutic vaccines,have provided several new targets for the optimization of antiviral therapy strategies and brought new opportunities for patients of chronic hepatitis B to obtain HBsAg clearance and clinical cure.

Correlation between TCM syndrome types and clinical symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia with chronic prostatitis / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the correlation between the syndrome types of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and clinical symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with chronic prostatitis (BPH-CP).@*METHODS@#We selected 150 cases of BPH-CP in this study and divided them into 7 TCM syndrome types. Using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, we studied the correlation of each TCM syndrome type with the age, disease course, prostate volume, postvoid residual urine volume (PVR), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS).@*RESULTS@#Kidney-yin deficiency was correlated positively with the prostate volume but negatively with Qmax and IPSS; kidney-yang deficiency positively with the age and prostate volume but negatively with IPSS; the damp heat syndrome positively with the PSA level but negatively with the disease course, prostate volume and Qmax; the spleen-qi deficiency syndrome positively with the prostate volume but negatively with the disease course; liver-qi stagnation positively with the disease course but negatively with the age, prostate volume and PVR; the syndrome of qi stagnation and blood stasis positively with the disease course and IPSS but negatively with PVR; the syndrome of lung-heat and qi blockage positively with the age, Qmax and IPSS but negatively with the disease course.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The TCM syndrome types of BPH-CP are closely correlated to their clinical symptoms. The analysis of the clinical objective indexes of BPH-CP can provide some reliable evidence for accurate identification of the TCM syndrome type of the disease.

Qilin Pills for idiopathic oligoasthenospermia: A multi-centered randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Qilin Pills in the treatment of oligoasthenospermia in infertile men.@*METHODS@#This multi-centered randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial included 216 infertile males with oligoasthenospermia, 108 in the trial group and the other 108 in the control, the former treated with Qilin Pills at the dose of 6 g tid while the latter with Wuziyanzong Pills at 6 g bid, both for 12 weeks. We examined the total sperm count, sperm motility and the count of progressively motile sperm of the patients before and at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after medication and evaluated the safety of the drug based on the adverse events and the laboratory results of blood and urine routine examinations and liver and kidney function tests.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the baseline, the patients in the trial group showed a significant time-dependent improvement after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of medication in sperm motility (21.75% vs 27.54%, 29.04% and 32.95%, P <0.05), total sperm count (156.27 ×106 vs 177.33, 188.18 and 205.44 ×106, P <0.05), and the count of progressively motile sperm (32.08 ×10⁶/ml vs 46.33, 50.98 and 61.10 ×10⁶/ml, P <0.05). The three parameters above were also improved in the controls, but more significantly in the trial group (P <0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Qilin Pills can evidently improve the semen quality of oligoasthenospermia patients with no obvious adverse events.